One-piece, heavily insulated waterer, poly design is rust and corrosion free. Thick styrofoam floor keeps the frost line below the waterer. Extra thick urethane in the walls provides over four times the insulation of competitors’ models (tested to -20° F). 75 watt infrared heat pad directly under the water trough (starts at approx. 42°F). Heat pads are totally isolated from the animal to prevent danger from shock.