Ketosis is a common metabolic disease occurring in cows with a high potential for milk production. The greatest risk of ketosis occurs between day 10 and 50 of lactation and is a consequence of a reduction in appetite and a negative energy balance. In order to control the energy starvation, the body releases reserves accumulated in adipose tissue (lipolysis) and the flow of free fatty acids (NEFA) flowing into the liver is increased. NEFA excess and deficiency of glucose leads to fat burning metabolic pathway blocking. Therefore, a part of fatty acids is esterified and accumulates as fat in liver (fatty liver syndrome), a part is converted to ketones, which accumulate in blood (ketosis).
A cow with ketosis might lose weight, reduce the amount of produced milk, have fertility problems and often suffer from mastitis or metritis. The losses associated with the disease are very high. Therefore appropriate prevention and rapid ketosis treatment is so vital.